Ibikoresho bya Photovoltaque nibikoresho bitanga ingufu zitanga amashanyarazi ataziguye iyo ahuye nizuba ryizuba, kandi bigizwe ningirabuzimafatizo zikomeye zifotora hafi ya byose bikozwe mubikoresho bya semiconductor nka silicon.
Kubera ko nta bice byimuka, birashobora gukoreshwa igihe kirekire bidateye kwambara.Utugingo ngengabuzima tworoheje dushobora gukoresha amasaha na mudasobwa, mugihe sisitemu igoye ya Photovoltaque irashobora gutanga amatara kumazu na gride.Inteko ya Photovoltaque irashobora gukorwa muburyo butandukanye, kandi inteko irashobora guhuzwa kugirango itange amashanyarazi menshi.Ibikoresho bya Photovoltaque bikoreshwa hejuru yinzu no hejuru yinyubako, ndetse bikoreshwa nkigice cya Windows, skylight cyangwa ibikoresho bitanga igicucu.Ibi byuma bifotora bikunze kuvugwa nka sisitemu ifotora yububiko.
Imirasire y'izuba:
Monocrystalline silicon selile
Ihinduka rya fotoelectric ya selile yizuba ya monocrystalline silicon izuba igera kuri 15%, naho hejuru ni 24%, aribwo buryo bwiza bwo guhindura amashanyarazi yubwoko bwose bwizuba muri iki gihe, ariko igiciro cyumusaruro ni kinini kuburyo kidashobora gukoreshwa cyane kandi ikoreshwa cyane.Bikunze gukoreshwa.Kubera ko silikoni ya monocrystalline ikunze gukwirakwizwa nikirahure gikonje hamwe n’ibisigara bitagira amazi, birakomeye kandi biramba, kandi ubuzima bwa serivisi muri rusange bigera ku myaka 15, kugeza ku myaka 25.
Polycrystalline silicon izuba
Uburyo bwo gukora ingirabuzimafatizo zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ya polycrystalline isa n'iy'imirasire y'izuba ya monocrystalline, ariko imikorere y'amashanyarazi ikora amashanyarazi ya polycrystalline silicon izuba iri hasi cyane.isi ikora neza cyane ya polycrystalline silicon izuba).Kubijyanye nigiciro cyumusaruro, bihendutse kuruta selile yizuba ya monocrystalline silicon, ibikoresho biroroshye gukora, gukoresha ingufu birazigama, kandi igiciro cyose cyumusaruro kiri hasi, kuburyo cyateye imbere cyane.Byongeye kandi, ubuzima bwa serivisi ya selile polycrystalline silicon izuba nayo ni ngufi kuruta iy'izuba rya monocrystalline silicon.Kubireba imikorere yikiguzi, monocrystalline silicon selile selile ni nziza gato.
Amorphous silicon selile
Imirasire y'izuba ya Amorphous ni ubwoko bushya bw'imirasire y'izuba yoroheje igaragara mu 1976. Iratandukanye rwose nuburyo bwo gukora silicon monocrystalline na polycrystalline silicon.Inzira iroroshe cyane, gukoresha ibikoresho bya silicon ni bito cyane, kandi gukoresha ingufu ni bike.Akarusho nuko ishobora kubyara amashanyarazi no mumucyo muke.Nyamara, ikibazo nyamukuru cyimirasire yizuba ya amorphous silicon nuko imikorere yifoto yumuriro iri hasi, urwego mpuzamahanga rwateye imbere rugera kuri 10%, kandi ntiruhagaze bihagije.Hamwe no kwagura igihe, imikorere yayo yo guhinduka iragabanuka.
Imirasire y'izuba myinshi
Utugingo ngengabuzima twinshi twinshi twerekeza ku mirasire y'izuba idakozwe mu bikoresho bya semiconductor imwe.Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwubushakashatsi mubihugu bitandukanye, ibyinshi muri byo bikaba bitarakozwe mu nganda, cyane cyane harimo ibi bikurikira: a) ingirangingo zuba za kadmium sulfide b) gallium arsenide izuba c) umuringa indium selenide izuba (amashanyarazi mashya menshi ya bandgap Cu (Muri, Ga) Se2 yoroheje ya firime izuba)
Ibiranga:
Ifite amashanyarazi menshi yo guhindura imikorere kandi yizewe cyane;tekinoroji yo gukwirakwiza ikora neza itanga uburinganire bwimikorere ihindagurika muri chip;itanga amashanyarazi meza, kwizerwa kwizerwa no kugurisha neza electrode;mesh-precision wire mesh Igishushanyo cyacapwe hamwe nuburinganire buringaniye bituma bateri yoroshye guhita gusudira no gukata laser.
izuba
1. Laminate
2. Aluminiyumu irinda laminate kandi igira uruhare runini mugushiraho no gushyigikira
3. Agasanduku gahuza Irinda sisitemu yo kubyara amashanyarazi yose kandi ikora nka sitasiyo yimurwa.Niba ibigize ari bigufi-bizunguruka, agasanduku gahuza kazahita gahagarika umugozi wa batiri ngufi kugirango wirinde sisitemu yose gutwikwa.Ikintu gikomeye cyane mumasanduku ihuza ni uguhitamo diode.Ukurikije ubwoko bwa selile muri module, diode ijyanye nayo iratandukanye.
4. Igikorwa cyo gufunga silicone, ikoreshwa mugushiraho ikimenyetso hagati yikintu na aluminiyumu ya aluminiyumu, ibice hamwe nagasanduku.Ibigo bimwe bikoresha ibyuma bifata amajwi abiri hamwe na furo kugirango bisimbuze gelika ya silika.Silicone ikoreshwa cyane mubushinwa.Inzira iroroshye, yoroshye, yoroshye gukora, kandi ihendutse.hasi cyane.
imiterere ya laminate
1. Ikirahure gikonje: imikorere yacyo ni ukurinda umubiri wingenzi wamashanyarazi (nka bateri), hasabwa guhitamo itara ryumucyo, kandi igipimo cyo kohereza urumuri kigomba kuba kinini (muri rusange kirenga 91%);ultra-yera yitondewe kuvura.
2. EVA: Ikoreshwa muguhuza no gutunganya ikirahuri cyarakaye hamwe numubiri nyamukuru wo kubyara ingufu (nka bateri).Ubwiza bwibikoresho bya EVA bibonerana bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwa module.EVA ihura nikirere byoroshye gusaza no guhinduka umuhondo, bityo bigira ingaruka kumatara ya module.Usibye ubuziranenge bwa EVA ubwayo, inzira yo kumurika abayikora module nayo irakomeye cyane.Kurugero, ibishishwa bya EVA bifata ntabwo bigeze kurwego rusanzwe, kandi imbaraga zo guhuza EVA nibirahure byikirahure hamwe nindege ntibihagije, bizatera EVA kuba imburagihe.Gusaza bigira ingaruka mubuzima.
3. Umubiri nyamukuru wo kubyara amashanyarazi: Igikorwa nyamukuru nukubyara amashanyarazi.Inzira nyamukuru yisoko nyamukuru itanga ingufu ni kristaline silicon izuba hamwe na selile izuba rito.Bombi bafite ibyiza byabo nibibi.Igiciro cya chip ni kinini, ariko imikorere ya fotoelectric ihinduka nayo iri hejuru.Birakwiriye cyane ko izuba ryoroshye cyane kugirango ritange amashanyarazi mumirasire y'izuba yo hanze.Igiciro cyibikoresho ugereranije ni kinini, ariko ikiguzi nigiciro cya batiri ni gito cyane, ariko uburyo bwo guhindura amashanyarazi burenze icya kabiri cyama selisile ya silicon.Ariko urumuri ruto ni rwiza cyane, kandi rushobora no gutanga amashanyarazi munsi yumucyo usanzwe.
4. Ibikoresho byindege yinyuma, gufunga, kubika no kwirinda amazi (mubisanzwe TPT, TPE, nibindi) bigomba kwihanganira gusaza.Abakora ibicuruzwa byinshi bafite garanti yimyaka 25.Ikirahure gikonje hamwe na aluminiyumu isanzwe ni nziza.Urufunguzo ruri inyuma.Niba ikibaho na silika gel bishobora kuzuza ibisabwa.Hindura ibisabwa byibanze byiki gika 1. Irashobora gutanga imbaraga zihagije zubukanishi, kugirango module yizuba yizuba ishobora kwihanganira imihangayiko iterwa ningaruka, kunyeganyega, nibindi mugihe cyo gutwara, kuyishyiraho no kuyikoresha, kandi irashobora kwihanganira gukanda urubura. ;2. Ifite ibyiza 3. Ifite imikorere myiza yo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi;4. Ifite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kurwanya ultraviolet;5. Umuvuduko wakazi nimbaraga zisohoka zakozwe ukurikije ibisabwa bitandukanye.Tanga uburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha insinga kugirango uhuze voltage zitandukanye, izisanzwe nimbaraga zisohoka;
5. Gutakaza imikorere iterwa no guhuza ingirabuzimafatizo zizuba zikurikirana kandi zibangikanye ni nto;
6. Guhuza ingirabuzimafatizo z'izuba byizewe;
7. Ubuzima burebure bwo gukora, busaba ingirabuzimafatizo z'izuba gukoreshwa mumyaka irenga 20 mubihe bisanzwe;
8. Mubihe byavuzwe haruguru, igiciro cyo gupakira kigomba kuba gito gishoboka.
Kubara ingufu:
Sisitemu y'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba igizwe n'imirasire y'izuba, imashini zishyuza, inverter na bateri;sisitemu yo kubyara ingufu za DC ntabwo ikubiyemo inverter.Kugirango ushoboze ingufu z'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba gutanga ingufu zihagije z'umutwaro, birakenewe guhitamo neza buri kintu ukurikije imbaraga z'amashanyarazi.Fata ingufu za 100W zisohoka hanyuma ukoreshe amasaha 6 kumunsi nkurugero rwo kumenyekanisha uburyo bwo kubara:
1. Banza ubare amasaha ya watt akoreshwa kumunsi (harimo igihombo cya inverter):
Niba uburyo bwo guhindura imikorere ya inverter ari 90%, mugihe ingufu zisohoka ari 100W, imbaraga zisabwa zisohoka zigomba kuba 100W / 90% = 111W;niba ikoreshwa mumasaha 5 kumunsi, gukoresha ingufu ni 111W * amasaha 5 = 555Wh.
2. Kubara imirasire y'izuba:
Ukurikije izuba ryiza rya buri munsi ryamasaha 6, kandi urebye imikorere yumuriro nigihombo mugihe cyo kwishyuza, ingufu ziva mumirasire yizuba zigomba kuba 555Wh / 6h / 70% = 130W.Muri byo, 70% nimbaraga nyazo zikoreshwa nizuba ryizuba mugihe cyo kwishyuza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-09-2022
