Sisitemu ya Photovoltaque igabanijwemo sisitemu yigenga, sisitemu ihuza imiyoboro hamwe na sisitemu ya Hybrid.Ukurikije ifishi isaba, igipimo cyo gusaba n'ubwoko bw'imizigo ya sisitemu y'izuba, irashobora kugabanywamo ubwoko butandatu.
Sisitemu Intangiriro
Ukurikije ifishi isaba, igipimo cyo gusaba hamwe nubwoko bwimitwaro ya sisitemu yizuba yizuba, sisitemu yo gutanga amashanyarazi agomba kugabanywa muburyo burambuye.Sisitemu ya Photovoltaque irashobora kandi kugabanywamo ubwoko butandatu bukurikira: sisitemu ntoya itanga amashanyarazi (DC nto);sisitemu yoroshye ya DC (Byoroheje DC);sisitemu nini yo gutanga amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba (DC nini);Sisitemu yo gutanga amashanyarazi AC na DC (AC / DC);Sisitemu ihujwe na sisitemu (Ikoreshwa rya Gride ihuza);sisitemu yo gutanga amashanyarazi (Hybrid);Sisitemu ya Hybrid Sisitemu.Ihame ryakazi nibiranga buri sisitemu byasobanuwe hano hepfo.
sisitemu yo gutanga amashanyarazi
Ibiranga sisitemu ntoya itanga amashanyarazi ni uko muri sisitemu harimo umutwaro wa DC gusa kandi imbaraga zumutwaro ni nto, sisitemu yose ifite imiterere yoroshye kandi yoroshye gukora.Imikoreshereze yingenzi ni sisitemu yo murugo rusange, ibicuruzwa bitandukanye bya gisivili DC nibikoresho byimyidagaduro bijyanye.Kurugero, mukarere k'iburengerazuba bw'igihugu cyanjye, ubu bwoko bwa sisitemu ya Photovoltaque bwakoreshejwe henshi, kandi umutwaro ni itara rya DC, rikoreshwa mugukemura ikibazo cyo gucana ingo mubice bidafite amashanyarazi.
Sisitemu ya DC
Ikiranga iyi sisitemu nuko umutwaro muri sisitemu ari umutwaro wa DC kandi nta kintu cyihariye gisabwa cyo gukoresha igihe cyumutwaro.Umutwaro ukoreshwa cyane kumanywa, kubwibyo nta bateri ikoreshwa muri sisitemu, kandi nta mugenzuzi usabwa.Sisitemu ifite imiterere yoroshye kandi irashobora gukoreshwa muburyo butaziguye.Module ya Photovoltaque itanga imbaraga mumitwaro, ikuraho uburyo bwo kubika no kurekura ingufu muri bateri, kimwe no gutakaza ingufu muri mugenzuzi, no kunoza imikoreshereze yingufu.Bikunze gukoreshwa muri sisitemu ya pompe yamazi ya PV, ibikoresho bimwe byigihe gito kumanywa hamwe nibikorwa byubukerarugendo.Igishushanyo 1 kirerekana sisitemu ya DC PV yoroshye.Ubu buryo bwakoreshejwe cyane mu bihugu biri mu nzira y'amajyambere aho nta mazi meza yo kunywa yo kunywa, kandi byatanze inyungu nziza mu mibereho.
Imirasire y'izuba nini
Ugereranije na sisitemu ebyiri zavuzwe haruguru, sisitemu nini nini ikoreshwa nizuba ryamashanyarazi iracyakenewe mumashanyarazi ya DC, ariko ubu bwoko bwamafoto yizuba mubusanzwe bufite imbaraga nini ziremereye.Kugirango hamenyekane amashanyarazi ahamye kumuzigo, bihuye Ubunini bwa sisitemu nabwo ni bunini, kandi bugomba kuba bufite ibikoresho byinshi bya moderi yifotora hamwe nububiko bunini bwa batiri.Ifishi isanzwe ikoreshwa harimo itumanaho, telemetrie, kugenzura ibikoresho bitanga amashanyarazi, gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi hagati yicyaro, amatara ya beacon, amatara yo kumuhanda, nibindi. gihugu, hamwe na sitasiyo y'itumanaho yubatswe na China Mobile na China Unicom mu turere twa kure tutagira amashanyarazi nayo ikoresha iyi sisitemu ya Photovoltaque kugirango itange amashanyarazi.Nkumushinga shingiro ryitumanaho muri Wanjiazhai, Shanxi.
Sisitemu yo gutanga amashanyarazi AC na DC
Bitandukanye na sisitemu eshatu zavuzwe hejuru yizuba, iyi sisitemu ya Photovoltaque irashobora gutanga ingufu kumitwaro yombi ya DC na AC icyarimwe, kandi ifite inverter nyinshi kurenza sisitemu eshatu zavuzwe haruguru mubijyanye nimiterere ya sisitemu, ikoreshwa muguhindura ingufu za DC kuri AC imbaraga zo guhuza ibikenewe bya AC umutwaro.Mubisanzwe, imbaraga zikoresha imikoreshereze ya sisitemu nayo nini nini, bityo igipimo cya sisitemu nacyo kinini.Ikoreshwa muri sitasiyo zimwe zitumanaho zifite imitwaro ya AC na DC hamwe nandi mashanyarazi yamashanyarazi afite imitwaro ya AC na DC.
Sisitemu ihujwe na sisitemu
Ikintu kinini kiranga iyi sisitemu yifoto yizuba ni uko umuyagankuba utaziguye wakozwe na fotokoltaque uhinduranya uhinduranya umuyaga wujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa na gride unyuze muri enterineti hanyuma ugahita uhuza umuyoboro wingenzi.Hanze yumutwaro, imbaraga zirenze zigaburirwa gusubira kuri gride.Mu minsi y'imvura cyangwa nijoro, iyo foto ya fotora itabyara amashanyarazi cyangwa amashanyarazi yabyaye ntashobora guhaza imitwaro, ikoreshwa na gride.Kuberako ingufu z'amashanyarazi zinjizwa muburyo butaziguye mumashanyarazi, iboneza rya batiri ryarasibwe, kandi inzira yo kubika no kurekura bateri irabikwa.Nyamara, imiyoboro yabugenewe ihujwe na inverter irasabwa muri sisitemu kugirango harebwe niba ingufu zisohoka zujuje ibisabwa ingufu za gride ya voltage, inshuro nibindi bipimo.Kubera ikibazo cyimikorere inverter, hazakomeza kubaho gutakaza ingufu.Sisitemu nkiyi irashobora gukoresha imbaraga zingirakamaro hamwe nizuba ryinshi rya moderi yizuba muburyo bubangikanye nimbaraga zamashanyarazi ya AC.Igipimo cyibura ryingufu za sisitemu yose iragabanuka.Byongeye kandi, imiyoboro ya PV ihujwe na PV irashobora kugira uruhare mugutunganya impinga ya gride rusange.Ukurikije ibiranga sisitemu ihujwe na gride, Soying Electric yateje imbere inverter ihuza imirasire y'izuba mu myaka mike ishize, ikaba yarakozwe muburyo bwihariye bwo gutunganya ingufu z'amashanyarazi hamwe ninyungu zitandukanye hamwe nigihombo.Iterambere ryinshi ryaratewe imbere, kandi urukurikirane rwibibazo bya tekinike byatsinzwe kuri sisitemu ihuza imiyoboro.
Sisitemu yo gutanga ibintu bivanze
Usibye imirasire y'izuba ya module ikoreshwa muri iyi sisitemu y'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, imashini itanga amavuta nayo ikoreshwa nk'isoko ry'amashanyarazi.Intego yo gukoresha sisitemu yo gutanga amashanyarazi ni ugukoresha byimazeyo ibyiza byikoranabuhanga ritandukanye ryamashanyarazi no kwirinda ibitagenda neza.Kurugero, ibyiza bya sisitemu yigenga yavuzwe haruguru yigenga ni bike kubungabungwa, kandi ibibi ni uko ingufu zituruka ku kirere kandi bitajegajega.
Sisitemu yo gutanga amashanyarazi akoresha ikomatanya rya moteri ya mazutu hamwe na fotora ya fotora irashobora gutanga ingufu zitagengwa nikirere ugereranije na sisitemu imwe yonyine.
Sisitemu ihuza imiyoboro itanga sisitemu
Hamwe niterambere ryinganda zikoresha ingufu za sun optoelectronics, sisitemu yo gutanga amashanyarazi ya gride ihuza amashanyarazi ashobora gukoresha byimazeyo imirasire yizuba yumuriro wamashanyarazi, ingufu zingirakamaro hamwe namashanyarazi yamashanyarazi.Ubu bwoko bwa sisitemu mubisanzwe ihuza umugenzuzi na inverter, ikoresheje chip ya mudasobwa kugirango igenzure neza imikorere ya sisitemu yose, ikoresha byimazeyo amasoko yingufu zitandukanye kugirango igere kumikorere myiza, kandi irashobora no gukoresha bateri kugirango irusheho kunoza imbaraga za sisitemu. igipimo cy'ingwate yo gutanga, nka sisitemu ya SMD inverter ya AES.Sisitemu irashobora gutanga imbaraga zujuje imizigo yaho kandi irashobora gukora nka UPS kumurongo (Amashanyarazi adahagarara).Imbaraga zirashobora kandi gutangwa cyangwa kuboneka muri gride.Uburyo bukora bwa sisitemu mubisanzwe ni ugukora ugereranije nubucuruzi bwubucuruzi nizuba.Kumutwaro waho, niba imbaraga zakozwe na moderi ya Photovoltaque irahagije kugirango umutwaro ukoreshwe, izakoresha mu buryo butaziguye imbaraga zakozwe na moderi ya fotokoltaque kugirango itange ibikenewe byumutwaro.Niba imbaraga zitangwa na moderi ya Photovoltaque irenze icyifuzo cyumutwaro uhita, imbaraga zirenga nazo zishobora gusubizwa kuri gride;niba imbaraga zitangwa na moderi ya Photovoltaque idahagije, imbaraga zingirakamaro zizahita zikora, kandi imbaraga zingirakamaro zizakoreshwa mugutanga ibyifuzo byumutwaro waho.Iyo ingufu zikoreshwa mumitwaro ziri munsi ya 60% yubushobozi bwateganijwe bwa moteri ya SMD inverter, imiyoboro izahita yishyuza bateri kugirango barebe ko bateri imeze igihe kirekire;niba imiyoboro yananiwe, ni ukuvuga, imiyoboro yamashanyarazi yananiwe cyangwa imiyoboro Niba ubuziranenge butujuje ubuziranenge, sisitemu izahita ihagarika amashanyarazi kandi ihindure imikorere yigenga, kandi ingufu za AC zisabwa numuzigo zizatangwa. na bateri na inverter.Imiyoboro imaze gusubira mubisanzwe, ni ukuvuga, voltage na frequency bigaruka kumiterere yavuzwe haruguru, sisitemu izahagarika bateri, ihindurwe muburyo bwa gride ihuza, kandi itange ingufu ziva mumashanyarazi.Muri sisitemu zimwe na zimwe zahujwe na sisitemu yo gutanga amashanyarazi, kugenzura sisitemu, kugenzura no gukusanya amakuru bishobora no kwinjizwa muri chip yo kugenzura.Ibyingenzi bigize sisitemu nkiyi ni umugenzuzi na inverter.
Sisitemu ya Photovoltaque Sisitemu
Sisitemu yo kubyara amashanyarazi ya gride ni ubwoko bushya bwamashanyarazi atanga amashanyarazi avuye muri moderi yifotora, acunga umuriro nogusohora bateri akoresheje umugenzuzi, kandi agatanga ingufu zamashanyarazi mumitwaro ya DC cyangwa mumitwaro ya AC binyuze muri inverter .Irakoreshwa cyane mubibaya, ibirwa, imisozi ya kure hamwe nibikorwa byo mumirima hamwe nibidukikije bikaze.Irashobora kandi gukoreshwa nkumuriro w'amashanyarazi kuri sitasiyo y'itumanaho, kwamamaza amatara yamatara, amatara yo kumuhanda, nibindi. ubuzima n'itumanaho mu turere twa kure.Gutezimbere ibidukikije ku isi no guteza imbere iterambere rirambye ryabantu.
Imikorere ya sisitemu
Ikibaho cya Photovoltaque nibintu bitanga ingufu.Igenzura rya Photovoltaque rihindura kandi rigenzura ingufu zamashanyarazi zabyaye.Ku ruhande rumwe, ingufu zahinduwe zoherezwa mu mutwaro wa DC cyangwa umutwaro wa AC, naho ku rundi ruhande, ingufu zirenze urugero zoherezwa mu ipaki ya batiri kugira ngo ibike.Iyo amashanyarazi yabyaye adashobora guhaza ibikenewe Iyo umugenzuzi yohereje imbaraga za bateri kumuzigo.Iyo bateri imaze kwishyurwa byuzuye, umugenzuzi agomba kugenzura bateri kugirango itarenza urugero.Iyo ingufu z'amashanyarazi zibitswe muri bateri zisohotse, umugenzuzi agomba kugenzura bateri kugirango adasohoka cyane kugirango arinde bateri.Iyo imikorere ya mugenzuzi itari nziza, bizagira ingaruka cyane kubuzima bwa serivisi ya bateri kandi amaherezo bigira ingaruka ku kwizerwa kwa sisitemu.Inshingano ya bateri ni ukubika ingufu kugirango umutwaro ushobora gukoreshwa nijoro cyangwa muminsi yimvura.Inverter ishinzwe guhindura ingufu za DC imbaraga za AC kugirango ikoreshwe n'imitwaro ya AC.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-01-2022
