Inverter, izwi kandi nk'ubugenzuzi bw'amashanyarazi no kugenzura ingufu, ni igice cy'ingenzi muri sisitemu yo gufotora.Igikorwa nyamukuru cya inverteri ya Photovoltaque nuguhindura umuyaga utaziguye ukomoka kumirasire y'izuba muburyo bwo guhinduranya bukoreshwa nibikoresho byo murugo.Binyuze mumuzunguruko wuzuye, ikirangantego cya SPWM gikoreshwa muguhindura, kuyungurura, kuzamura, nibindi, kugirango ubone imbaraga za sinusoidal AC zihuye numuriro wumuriro wumuriro, voltage yagenwe, nibindi kubakoresha amaherezo ya sisitemu.Hamwe na inverter, bateri ya DC irashobora gukoreshwa mugutanga ingufu za AC kubikoresho.
Sisitemu y'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba igizwe n'imirasire y'izuba, imashini zishyuza, inverter na bateri;imirasire y'izuba DC itanga amashanyarazi ntabwo irimo inverter.Inzira yo guhindura ingufu za AC mumashanyarazi ya DC yitwa gukosora, umuzenguruko urangiza umurimo wo gukosora witwa umuzunguruko, kandi igikoresho kimenya inzira yo gukosora cyitwa igikoresho gikosora cyangwa gikosora.Mu buryo nk'ubwo, inzira yo guhindura ingufu za DC mumashanyarazi ya AC yitwa inverter, umuzenguruko urangiza imikorere ya inverter witwa inverter circuit, naho igikoresho kimenya inzira ya inverter cyitwa ibikoresho bya inverter cyangwa inverter.
Intangiriro yibikoresho bya inverter ni inverter switch circuit, ivugwa nkumuzunguruko wa inverter mugihe gito.Umuzunguruko urangiza imikorere ya inverter mugukingura no kuzimya amashanyarazi ya elegitoronike.Kuzimya ibikoresho bya elegitoronike yo guhinduranya bisaba impanuka zimwe zo gutwara, kandi izo pulses zirashobora guhinduka muguhindura ikimenyetso cya voltage.Inzitizi zitanga kandi zitunganya impiswi bakunze kwitwa imiyoboro yo kugenzura cyangwa kugenzura.Imiterere shingiro yibikoresho bya inverter ikubiyemo uruziga rwo gukingira, ibisohoka bisohoka, uruziga rwinjiza, uruzinduko rusohoka, nibindi bisa hiyongereyeho ibyavuzwe haruguru bya inverter byumuzunguruko no kugenzura.
Inverter ntabwo ifite imikorere yo guhindura DC-AC gusa, ahubwo ifite n'umurimo wo kugabanya imikorere yimirasire yizuba hamwe numurimo wo kurinda sisitemu kunanirwa.Muncamake, hariho imikorere yikora no guhagarika ibikorwa, ibikorwa byinshi byo kugenzura imbaraga zo kugenzura, ibikorwa birwanya ibikorwa byigenga (kuri sisitemu ihujwe na sisitemu), imikorere yo guhinduranya amashanyarazi mu buryo bwikora (kuri sisitemu ihujwe na gride), imikorere ya DC yo kumenya (kuri gride-ihuza Sisitemu), DC Gushakisha Imikorere (kuri sisitemu ihuza sisitemu).Hano hari intangiriro ngufi kubikorwa byikora no guhagarika ibikorwa hamwe nigikorwa kinini cyo kugenzura imbaraga.
1. Igikorwa cyikora no guhagarika imikorere: Nyuma yizuba rirashe mugitondo, imirasire yizuba igenda yiyongera buhoro buhoro, kandi umusaruro wizuba nawo uriyongera.Iyo imbaraga zisohoka zisabwa ninshingano za inverter zigeze, inverter itangira gukora byikora.Nyuma yo kwinjira mubikorwa, inverter izita kubisohoka mumirasire y'izuba igihe cyose.Igihe cyose imbaraga zisohoka zumubumbe wizuba zirenze imbaraga zisohoka zisabwa numurimo wa inverter, inverter izakomeza gukora;Inverter irashobora kandi gukora muminsi yimvura.Iyo ibisohoka mumirasire y'izuba bigenda biba bito kandi ibisohoka muri inverter bigera kuri 0, inverter ikora leta ihagaze.
2. Igikorwa ntarengwa cyo kugenzura imbaraga: Ibisohoka mumirasire y'izuba ihinduka hamwe nubushyuhe bwimirasire yizuba hamwe nubushyuhe bwa module yizuba ubwayo (ubushyuhe bwa chip).Mubyongeyeho, kubera ko module yizuba ya selile ifite ibiranga ko voltage igabanuka hamwe no kwiyongera kwubu, hari ahantu heza ho gukorera hashobora kuboneka ingufu ntarengwa.Imbaraga z'imirasire y'izuba zirahinduka, nkuko bigaragara intego nziza.Kubyerekeranye nizo mpinduka, ingingo yibikorwa byizuba ryama module ihora kumurongo ntarengwa, kandi sisitemu yamye ibona ingufu zituruka kumirasire y'izuba.Igenzura nubushobozi ntarengwa bwo gukurikirana imbaraga.Ikintu kinini kiranga inverters kuri sisitemu yizuba ni uko zirimo imikorere yumuriro ntarengwa wo gukurikirana (MPPT).
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-12-2022
